Writing Letter

 

Ok guys, I'm back with Writing Letter materials. And i hope this blog is useful for you 🙏😀

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DEFINITION OF LETTER 

'A letter is a written message from one party to another containing information' means, letter is a message written on one side the other containing the information . Its functions cover five areas: means of notifications, requests, thoughts and ideas; written evidence; reminder; historical evidence; and work guidelines. 

TYPE OF LETTER 

Types of letters can be divided into three, namely personal letters, official letters, and official letters.

- Personal letter

Personal letter is a type of letter containing personal needs which is usually written personally and addressed to another person using non-standard language. Private letters have no binding rules and personal letters can be written according to the taste of each author.

Characteristics of a Personal Letter

A personal letter has at least the following 5 characteristics:

1. Does not have letterhead

2. Does not have a letter number

3. Welcome or closing greetings vary widely and are more casual, non-formal

4. Use free language (not standard) according to the author's wishes

5. Format free letter

- Official letter

Official letter is a letter made by a certain agency, organization or corporate institution addressed to a certain person or other institution. The existence of these agencies, institutions, organizations and companies is legally authorized. Examples of official letters are official letters, commercial letters, and social letters.

The characteristics of an official letter

1. use effective sentences; simple, concise, clear, polite and attractive.

2. use standard language according to refined spelling (EYD) both spelling, vocabulary, and grammar.

3. The presentation uses the form of full block, semi block or indented block.

4. Using letterhead.

5. Listed letter number, attachments, and subject.

6. Usually includes a stamp or stamp

 

- Service Letter 

Official letter is a letter issued by a certain agency. In other words, official letters are letters that are used as a means of communication within an agency or between agencies. An official letter is also called an official letter because this letter can clearly be justified for its authenticity.

Characteristics of an official letter

1. Has a head or letterhead, which is the name and address of a certain agency.

2. Have a date, and letter number.

3. Has a subject, namely the purpose of the letter and attachments.

4. Has a certain agency stamp on the signature section.

5. Using standard language.

6. May have a copy.

Letter Writing Tips

Now that we have learned the basics of communicating via letters and the types of letters as well, let us focus on some tips for the actual letter writing.

1] Identify the type of letter

This obviously is the first step of the letter writing process. You must be able to identify the type of letter you are to be writing. This will be dictated by the person the letter is addressed to and the information that will be conveyed through the letter. Suppose you were writing to the principal of your college to ask for leave, this would be a formal letter (Types of formal letters with samples). But say you were writing to your old college professor catching up after a long time. Then this would be a personal (informal) letter.

2] Make sure you open and close the letter correctly

Opening a letter in the correct manner is of utmost importance. Formal letters open with a particular structure and greeting that is formal in nature. Informal letters can be addressed to the person’s name or any informal greeting as the writer wishes

Even when closing the letter, it must be kept in mind what type of letter is being written. Formal letters end respectfully and impersonally, whereas informal letters may end with a more personal touch.

3] Establish the main intent of the letter

Once you start writing, make sure to get to the point as soon as possible. Especially in formal letters, it is important to immediately make clear the purpose of the letter.

4] Be careful of the language

A letter is always supposed to be polite and considerate. Even if it is a complaint letter, the point must be made in a careful and courteous manner. So it is necessary to use polite expressions and civil language in all types of letters.

5] Length of the letter

And the other important factor to be considered is the length of the letter you are writing. It should be kept in mind that formal letters are generally to the point, precise and short. Lengthy formal letters tend to not have the desired effect on the reader. The length of an informal letter is determined by the message in the letter and the relation to the recipient.

Video's about writting a letter : 

1) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=JBN96HoxDMA

2) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=-MtNMQpHCuo

3) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=P3k148sIiSk

4) https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=P3k148sIiSk

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https://youtu.be/4NbTT5uQ6Q8

EXPOSITION TEXT

Ok guys, this time I will share material from the exposition text .. I hope you can understand.

Exposition text is a paragraph or essay containing a number of information and knowledge which is presented briefly, concisely and accurately. Another opinion states that the Exposition Text is a type or variety of text that has the function of conveying ideas in the form of thoughts on a topic. This exposition paragraph is scientific or can be said to be non-fiction.

These kinds of Exposition texts are often used in the context of daily oral and written communication. For example, when you have a discussion in a seminar forum, someone who presents an argument in an opinion debate and so on.

To clarify the description, it can be supplemented with graphics, pictures or statistics. For the record, it is not uncommon for expositions to be found only containing descriptions of the work steps / methods / processes. The exposition is so commonly called exposure process. Exposition text is like any other text, which has structure.

PURPOSE OF EXPOSITION

Is to explain certain information in order to increase the reader's knowledge, so that by reading the exposition text, the reader will get detailed knowledge of a thing or event.

FEATURES OF EXPOSITION TEXT

The characteristics of the exposition text include:

-Short and Solid

-Inviting style of information.

-The delivery of the text is straightforward and uses standard language.

-Explain knowledge information.

-Not taking sides means not imposing the will of the author on his readers.

-The exposition text is objective and neutral.

-The explanation is accompanied by accurate data.

-Facts are used as a means of concrete and contribution.

-Generally answer the question of what, who, when, where, why, how.

EXPOSITION TEXT STRUCTURE

TITLE

The title should describe something discussed in the Exposition text. The title should be written in short, interesting words and full of meaning.

THESIS

This section serves to introduce the topic as well as place the reader in a certain position. Because the text used by the writer wants to express an opinion, the reader can be in a position that agrees or in a position that is opposite to him.

ARGUMENTATION

Part of the Exposition text is an argument or reason. The length and shortness of this section will depend on the number of arguments you have outlined in your general statement, then you have renamed and defined those arguments in paragraphs. The development of this argument into paragraphs is done by presenting examples and reasons.

REFIRMATION OF OPINION

The repetition is carried out based on the arguments presented in the previous section. Repetition of opinion is optional, so not all Exposition texts have it.

TYPES OF EXPOSITION TEXT

The types of exposition text include:

-Defini exposition is an exposition paragraph that describes the definition of a particular topic.

-Process exposition, namely the steps or ways of doing something from start to finish.

-Illustration exposition, namely text that describes certain information or explanations in a way that provides a simple description of a topic with other topics that have similar characteristics or similarities in certain matters.

-Report exposition is a paragraph of exposition which presents a report from a particular news or research.

-Comparative exposition is an exposition where the main idea is presented by comparing with others.

-Contradictory exposition, that is, this exposition contains contradiction between one thing and another.

ELEMENTS OF EXPOSITION TEXT WRITING PROCEDURES

DETERMINING THE TOPIC TO BE PRESENTED

The first step to take when creating an exposition text is to determine the theme. By determining a theme, at the time of writing we are more focused on that theme so that we can more animate the writing that is made. The nature of the topics developed in the exposition text is as follows.

DETERMINING EXPOSITION OBJECTIVES

After determining the topic to be presented, we must have goals that will later provide explanation and understanding to readers.

CHOOSING THEME-ACCORDING DATA

After determining the theme and purpose of writing, the next step that must be done is to collect the data or materials needed in writing the exposition text. Materials can be obtained from books, magazines, internet searches, newspapers and in-person interviews.

MAKE THE FRAMEWORK

Before making an exposition essay, first make a complete and systematic outline.

DISCUSSION WITH DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK

After the outline of the essay is composed, develop it more fully so that the characteristics of the exposition can be conveyed, the exposition is informative, objective, and logical. In this essay, the author further explains the purpose of his topic by including concrete evidence to support the discussion.

MAKE A CONCLUSION

In accordance with the purpose of writing an exposition, the conclusions must be in line, and even have to strengthen the thesis.

LINGUISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE EXPOSITION TEXT 

PRONOUNS

A pronoun or pronoun is a type of word that replaces a noun or noun phrase. Pronouns can be classified into two types, namely personal pronouns and non-personal pronouns.

The pronoun Persona (pronoun person) is Persona Tunggal. Examples like him, her, you, you, me, brother, her,-you,-me, si-., And the plural persona. Examples are like us, us, you, them, audience, para.

Nonpersona pronouns (non-person pronouns) are Indicator pronouns such as this, that, here, there, there. and the questioner's pronouns, such as what, where, who.

NOUN 

Is a word that refers to objects, both real and abstract. In the sentence has the status as the subject. Judging from the form and meaning, there are basic nouns and derivative nouns. Basic nouns for example picture, table, house, knife. Derivative nouns include deeds, purchases, power, etc.

VERB 

Is a word that contains the basic meaning of an action, process, or condition that is not characteristic. In sentences it usually functions as a predicate.

CONJUNCTION

Conjunction (conjunction). The example is in fact, then, further. To strengthen an argument, conjunctions or conjunctions can be used. In the context of submitting opinions on ASEAN language policies, the authors relate arguments with conjunctions in fact, then, and further. Ideally, arguments are not presented randomly. Such conjunctions can be used to organize arguments in an order from the strongest to the weakest or vice versa.

video's explanation about exposition text : https://youtu.be/DU9lPw93_C8

EXAMPLE OF EXPOSITION TEXT

Congestion and the Future of Cities

By: Novi Ermawati

Transportation is defined by experts as a need derived from various economic and social activities (see for example Morlock, 1985). Different types of socio-economic activities will have different impacts on transportation activities.

Relatively daily transportation activities cause repetitive movements, for example those that occur in workers and those who are educated at school. In Yogyakarta, our beloved city, traffic jams occur every day at points that become routes for workers and students to move from their homes to work and school locations.

Recurring congestion in the longer term tends to occur during the holiday season and Eid. During the arrival and departure stages, severe congestion will occur on roads outside the city (for example, Jalan Magelang, Jalan Solo, Jalan Palagan and Jalan Wates). In the range between these periods, congestion can be felt in the city center as a place to stay and tourist destinations (such as Malioboro, Prawirotaman), as well as roads to tourist objects, such as Jalan Parangtritis.

The dominant daily congestion is caused by community activities in the internal sphere. Congestion that recurs every day is an excess of the pattern of living, working and attending school. Efforts to get closer to the location of the residence and the location of activities are one solution that can be done. This can take the form of providing housing incentives in the form of rented or owned flats that are comfortable enough for activities. So far, it seems that there has been no effort to regulate a systematic pattern of activities.

https://youtu.be/RS57Y5ZQ4-I

conclusion: 

Exposition text is a paragraph or essay containing a number of information and knowledge which is presented briefly, concisely and accurately.

Purpose of exposition 

Is to explain certain information in order to increase the reader's knowledge, so that by reading the exposition text, the reader will get detailed knowledge of a thing or event

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Yap, thank you for reading this blog. the next blog will be soon.. 

INVITATION

An invitation is document written or printed or spoken words, conveying the message by which one is invited. 

It is used to invite someone to come, to invite people to join, to ask someone to attend, and to ask people to take part in something. 

There are two kinds of invitation letter :

1. Formal Invitation. 

2. Informal Invitation. 

Invitation structure : 

1. Invitee : who was invited 

2. Body of Invitation : Invitation contents are usually in the form of the following:

- Occasion : What occasion is this invitation made for. 

- Day or date 

- Time

- Place 

3. Inviter : Who is inviting.

COMMUNICATIVE PURPOSE INVITATION TEXT : 

Would you like to come ...
Would you like to join us ...
I would like to invite you ...
Request the present of ...

WHAT IS FORMAL INVITATION?

Informal invitation is an invitation which is follows a dignified form, tone or style agreement with an establish norm, custom or values. (Websters, 2012).

For examples: 

- An invitation to a wedding.

- An invitation to the graduation ceremony.

COMMON FORMAT OF A FORMAL INVITATION : 

-The first line is the name(s) of the person who invites(s).

-The second line is the request for participation.

-The third line is the name of the person(s) invited.

- The fourth line is the occasion for invitation.

-The fifth line is the time and date of occasion.

-The sixth line is the place of occasion.

-The last line is the request for reply.

Formal invitation are written on a cards. The text is written in calligraphy stlye.In formal invitations date and time are written in words not in numbers 

in below is my formal invitation. 

Example to responding formal invitation: 

WHAT IS INFORMAL INVITATION?

Informal invitations is personal invitation given to a friend, family, etc.

For examples :

-Invitation to a birthday party.

-Invitation to dinner. 

In below is my Informal invitation.

Example to responding informal invitation: 

Mini dialogue : 

 Youtube link : Video mini dialogue invitation

Naurah : Hi, Sarah

Sarah : Hello, Naurah.

Naurah: how are you?

Sarah : I fine thank you, how about you?

Naurah : Fine, Sarah I want to take you out for a walk.

Sarah : hmm .. where are you going?

Naurah : I would like to invite you to the matsuri jakjapan event.

Sarah : ohhh I know, is the anime?

Naurah : That's right, so how?

Sarah : I do. when we leave.

Naurah : The program is Saturday, what morning should we go?

Sarah : Great idea.

Naurah : okay goodbye.

Sarah: Bye

conclusion : 

An invitation is document written or printed or spoken words, conveying the message by which one is invited. 

there are two kinds of invitation letter, formal and informal invitation.